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 Montessori's
view on the " Four Planes of Development:
"The
child's development follows a path of successive stages
of independence,
and our knowledge of this must guide us in our behavior
towards him."
-
Dr Maria Montessori
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Dr.
Montessori described that the four planes (or stages) of
development consist of a period of six years in each plane.
" Birth to six (infancy)
" Six to twelve (childhood)
" Twelve to eighteen (adolescence)
" Eighteen to twenty-four (transition to adulthood)
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First Plane of Development
This
is the period of transformation and the characteristic
of this period is known as the Absorbent Mind. The child
creates the person she will become once given an appropriate
and specially prepared environment to work. Montessori
said that during the absorbent mind, the Sensitive Periods
are at the strongest and facilitates the child's learning
process.
The
first plane of development is further divided into two
sub-phases:
The First Sub-Plane (Birth to three years)
An important period of development. Known as " The
unconscious Absorbent Mind"
The Second Sub-Plane (three to six years)
A period of consolidation of the first sub-plane, known
as " The conscious Absorbent Mind"
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Second Plane of Development
This
is a period of uniform growth, an intermediate period
or the second stage of childhood.
At this stage children are more stable, calm and of great
energy. As the child has mastered most of the basic human
skills, he no longer has the Absorbent mind but learn
through reasoning using his imagination to explore further.
It is also a period of self discovery and a period for
developing characters, morals and ethics.
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Third Plane of Development
This
is a period of Transformation, both physically and psychologically.
Like the first plane of development it is also divided
again into two sub-phases:
The first sub-plane (12-15 years)
At this stage the child is like a new born baby. His character
is seldom stable and there are signs of indiscipline and
rebellion. It is a period of greater change than The First
Plane of Development.
The second sub-plane (15-18 years).
Mentally, they have developed logical thinking and do
not like to be told or pressure into learning. All activities
should be connected to real life skills helping and satisfying
their needs.
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Fourth Plane of Development
This
is a period of transition to adulthood.
From 18-21 years, is a period for the individuals to question
and plan a career path for themselves.
If they have being given the right exposure to the many
aspect of practical skills, research and learning, they
will be more confident in choosing a profession that satisfied
their needs and ability.
So from 21-24, they are very sure of what they want, and
then further develop it .
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